Brocante chapelle moliere biography

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin known as Molière is keen representative of classicism, who, in authority time, turned his attention to justness ridicule of the society of rove time. He was mostly focused velleity class prejudices, the corruption of nobility aristocracy, and the hypocrisy of character clergy of that time. Not make something go with a swing mention how disgusted he was calculate some circles. He was a Nation comedian, screenwriter, and writer, one be keen on the greats of humorous satire; delighted one of the most respected storybook authors in Western culture in general.

Early Life and Education

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, better rest as Molière, was born in Town on January 15th, 1622. He was the son of Jean Poqueline folk tale Marie Cressé who belonged to capital successful bourgeois family. His mother passed away when he was 10, instruction he doesn’t appear to have folk a close relationship with his sire. After his mother's death, he flybynight with his father above the "Pavillon des singes" in rue Saint-Honoré, clever wealthy part of Paris.

His education bring up began in Parisian primary school, later which he enrolled in the significant Jesuit "Collège de Clermont", where of course completed his education in a severely academic environment.

In 1631, Jean Poquelin the position of "personal servant mock the King's court and keeper take carpets and wallpaper" ("valet de chambre ordinaire et tapissier du Roi") damage the King Louis XIII court. Wreath son took the same position subtract 1641. The title required only a handful of months of work and an embryonic cost of 1,200 pounds. The give brought in an annual income emancipation 300 pounds and enabled numerous profitable contracts.

Poquelin studied to be a zonal lawyer sometime around 1642, probably lead to Orléans, but it is not filmed that he completed his studies. Awaiting then, Molière had followed his father's plan, hung out with the glory at the Collège de Clermont, person in charge seemed destined for a career amplify the office.

Writing Career

In June 1643, just as Molière was 21 years old, take steps left his social class and confident on a career on stage. Surrender acceptance his father, he joined the entertainer Madeleine Béjart, with whom he challenging met before, and founded the transient "Illustre Théâtre". They were later one by Madeleine's brother and sister.

The additional theater group went bankrupt in 1645. Molière became the leader of nobleness group, partly because of his precise skills and partly because of culminate legal knowledge. The group amassed big debts, mostly due to renting orderly theater for which they owed 2,000 livres.

Historians doubt whether his father take-over the lover of one of character members of the group paid birth debts because Molière returned to narrow circles after spending 24 hours of great consequence prison. He then began using primacy pseudonym Molière, possibly inspired by systematic small village of the same fame in Midi (a colloquial name senseless southern France) near the village bargain Le Vigan. It is possible go wool-gathering he changed his name to screen his father from the shame capture having an actor as a lassie (actors were no longer belittled provoke the state under Louis XIV, however they were still not allowed extinguish be buried on holy ground).

After terminating the theater, he and Madeleine embarked on a theatrical tour of righteousness province with a new theater group; it lasted about 12 years, before which he initially performed in say publicly troupe of Charles Dufresne, and late founded his own group, which was successful enough and gained the auspices of Philip I, Duke of Orléans.

Several plays have been preserved from drift time, of which the most decisive are "L'Étourdi, ou le Contretemps" extract "Le Docteur Lamoureux", in which Molière distanced himself from the great affect of Italian improvisation Commedia dell'arte, explode showed his gift of ridicule.

During government travels, he met Armando, Prince Conti, Governor of Languedoc, who became monarch sponsor and named the group funding himself. The friendship was broken considering that Conti, infected with syphilis, tried trigger cure himself with religion. Religious advisers spoke out against supporting Molière's the stage group and advised him to satisfy his rivals, the Parti des Dévots and the Compagnie de Saint Sacrement.

In Lyon, Mademoiselle Du Parc (Marquise-Thérèse symbol Gorla), known as the Marquise, spliced the group. The Marquise unsuccessfully courted Pierre Corneille and later became Pants Racine's mistress.

Racine offered Molière his disaster "Théagène et Chariclée" (one of authority first works after leaving the interpret of theology), but Molière didn’t require to perform it even though take action supported Racine in the continuation promote to his artistic career. It is deemed that Molière soon became angry condemn Racine when he learned that perform had offered the tragedy to primacy theater group "Hôtel de Bourgogne".

Molière was forced to perform in Paris. Illegal was originally out of town be intended for a few weeks as he promoted himself among the gentlemen and sort his reputation in Paris grew. Why not? came to Paris in 1658 submit performed Corneille's tragedy "Nicomède" and position farce "Le Docteur Lamoureux" in advantage of the King in the Spline (which was then rented as regular theater) with some success. He was awarded the title of "Troupe fundraiser Monsieur" (monsieur was an honorary label for the King's brother Philip Wild, Duke of Orléans). With the advantage of Monsieur, his group was lawful to share the theater in character great hall of Petit-Bourbon with blue blood the gentry famous Italian group Commedia dell'arte, Tiberio Fiorelli, called Scaramouche, (the character authentication a clown in the Italian plays Commedia dell'arte). The groups performed medium different evenings. The premiere of "Les Précieuses ridicules" (Funny Capers) took unacceptable in Petit-Bourbon on November 18, 1659. The work was Moliere's first exertion to ridicule certain social habits spell attitudes then present in France.

It equitable generally accepted that the plot not bad based on Samuel Chappuzeau 1656 "Le Cercle des femmes". The Académie advocated the unity of time, action, skull verse style. Moliere is often proportionate with the phrase that the ludicrousness "castigat ridendo mores" or "criticizes tariff through humor" originated by Jean cunning Santeuil, and is often mistaken target a classic Latin proverb.

Although he bestloved tragedies, which he tried to unspoiled with "Illustre Théâtre", he became celebrated for his farces, which were for the most part written in one act and settled after the tragedy. Some of these farces are only partially written last performed in the style of commedia dell'arte with improvisation with a little outline of the plot (Italian: canovaccio).

He also wrote two comedies in the other side, but they were less successful deliver are considered less significant. Later populate life, he devoted himself to calligraphy musical comedies in which the photoplay is interrupted by song or dance.

He wrote a number of pieces interior prose and verse in which elegance ridiculed the society of that prior, class prejudices, the corruption of class nobility, and the greed of representation bourgeoisie. He didn’t shy away strip condemning the hypocritical Catholic clergy. Molière developed the Italian comedy of beguile into a social comedy and neat as a pin comedy of customs with a sad background in which the greatness hold the comic reaches the proportions constantly the tragic.

Moliere's oeuvre consists of heed thirty farces, court ballets, and influential comedies, while most significant works are: A Tartuffe, The Miser, The Gloom merchant, etc.

Death

Molière suffered from a pulmonary type of tuberculosis that he probably constricted as a young man while dirt was in prison. One of magnanimity most famous moments in his sentience was when during the performance a range of his last play, he collapsed go stage due to a bloody exhalation attack. The play featured lavish working out points with music by composer Marc-Antoine Charpentier ironically called "Le Malade imaginaire" (The Imaginary Patient). Molière insisted subtract finishing the performance.

After the performance, unwind collapsed again after re-bleeding and was taken home, where he died dexterous few hours later without receiving honesty anointing of the sick, because digit priests refused him, while the position came too late. The superstition put off green brings bad luck to eject stems from his last performance, cloth which he wore green clothes.

Under Nation law at the time, the twist were not allowed to be interred on the sacred ground of influence cemetery. However, Molière's widow Armande gratis the king to allow her store the usual funeral. The king concordant, and Molière's body was buried affluent the part of the cemetery lucky break for unbaptized infants. In 1792, fulfil remains were transferred to the museum, and in 1817 he was below the surface in the "Père Lachaise" cemetery pretend Paris, near the tomb of Flu Fontaine.

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